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In both factors men can produce mature sperm and women can produce mature ovum. The ovum will be moved to the tube which is not blocked in order that the sperm can reproduce with the ovum (Fertilisation). After that the cell will develop inot the embryo which will be strong and can go through the uterus for implantation. Lastly the embryo will be grown in the uterus and progress to the labour period. In pregnancy, it needs to have a normal hormone level and a normal gynecologic system. If any factors are not complete, the process cannot effect in pregnancy. Usually, women who are not using birth control have a 50 percent chance of becoming pregnant within 6 months and 80 percent within 1 year. The Causes of Infertility – Those experiencing infertility problems it can be estimated that 30 percent are caused from women, 30 percent caused from men, 30 percent caused from both and 10 percent cannot be identified. Common causes that can be found in men are the sperm is not strong and mature enough. Next there is no sperm in seminal fluid as a result the sperm cannot reproduce with the ovum. A few causes that are found in men are abnormal genes or abnormal chromosome. Common causes that can found in women are no ovulation or irregular ovulation, tubal obstruction and pelvic adhesion, pelvic endometriosis, abnormal anatomy of the uterus and older age. When to see the doctor – It is usual to suggest that the couple who want to have a child and are not successful after at least 1 year need to see the doctor to find the causes. But women who are older than 30 years or have a pelvic inflammation background, irregular menstruation, repetitive abortion or the male knows that his sperm test is abnormal should see the doctor as soon as possible. When women will have the natural ovulation and easy to get pregnancy If it is assumed that the first date of the month is the first day of menstruation, about the day 14 of the month, women generally have ovulation; it means that the ovum is growing and then falls off from the ovary and go into the fallopian tubes. The fallen ovum can reproduce and will be alive 24 hours. In some women, the ovulation can occur before day 14 or after day 14, but in some women, there is no ovulation (even though there is no ovulation, women still have menstruation). The ovulation in one woman may miss in each month, this period is an easier period for women to get pregnant because sperms will be alive 48 hours and it will be better if there are a lot of sperms in the fallopian tube in ovulatory period.   How often should couples have sex? Couples should have sex every second day in the period of ovulation (day 10, 12, 14, 16 or 18 of the month) because women will not always have the ovulation on only day 14 of the month, it can be missing and if there is an ovulation on day 14 of this month, the ovulation can be on any day of next month. Having sex every second day ensures that there will be enough sperms in the fallopian tube in the period of ovulation and should not clean the vagina or any lubricate in this period. Symptoms and Causes of no ovulation – No ovulation is the most common cause that found together with the cause of abnormal fallopian tube in infertile women. Mostly will be abnormal menstruation. Some women who are in case of no ovulation, they can have menstruation in every 28, 30 or 32 days regularly which are cause by Polycystic ovary syndrome. Fallopian Tube Obstruction and pelvic adhesion – Fallopian tube obstruction will obstruct the sperm from the ovum. The connective tissue will make the ovum stick with the ovary. In contract, if the ovum falls off from the ovary but it cannot go through the fallopian tube which occurs from any causes e.g. inflamed fallopian tube, endometriosis. What is Endometriosis? – Endometriosis means that tissue is lined in the uterus (called endometrium) is located out the uterus e.g. ovary pelvis or fallopian tube; it causes dense connective tissue in the pelvic cavity (pelvic adhesion). The connective tissue; moreover it obstructs the tube and produces the chocolate cyst of the ovary. This disease may cause the chronic pain in the pelvis, strong period pains or feeling pain when having sex (approximately 7 percent of infertile women have endometriosis) or no symptom but have infertility problems. Causes of Uterus and Cervix Problems – The Cervix is at the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. There is mucus around the cervix during the period of ovulation, it helps sperms pass through the uterus and move to the fallopian tube easily. Before and after the period of ovulation, the mucus will be very sticky. If the mucus in the period of ovulation is abnormal e.g. the mucus is too sticky so sperms cannot go into and reproduce with the ovum because of the inflammation or incomplete response of hormone. The infertility is caused from the abnormal uterus or the connective tissue in the inflamed uterus or the uterus was scraped violently from the latest miscarriage etc.